Colombia
https://www.rozen-bakher.com/blog/06042025/colombia
Published Date: 06 April 2025
Blog on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher to Identify Risks versus Opportunities at the Country Level
Blog on FDI and International Trade by Alphabetical Order https://www.rozen-bakher.com/search-blog-1
This blog focuses on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade in a certain country or territory in terms of how the Location Factors (Political, Economic, Technological, Ecological, Legal and Cultural) and Entry Modes (e.g. M&As, Export and Greenfield) impact the attractiveness - or vice versa - the risks of FDI and International Trade in the certain country or territory, still, keep in mind that each risk may lead to an opportunity for resolving problems via suitable FDI and International Trade, while each opportunity for FDI and International Trade may involve risks.
Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher
A Researcher in International Relations with a Focus on Security, Political and Economic Risks for Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade
Colombia
Population
Source: World Bank
One of the Prominent Religious Sites in the Country
Bogota, Colombia
Key Figures of the Country, Global Position, Alliances, and 2024 Global Survival Rank (GSR)
Global Survival Rank by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher: Yearly Rank to Compare the Global Political Power among Countries to Survive Long Conflicts and Wars at the Military Level and Economic Level Global Survival Rank by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher https://www.rozen-bakher.com/global-survival-rank-zrb
Monitoring Alliances by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher: Monitoring Military, Political, Economic and Trade Alliances that Have an Impact on Global Order and Geopolitics Monitoring Alliances by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher https://www.rozen-bakher.com/monitoring-alliances
Key Figures of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade
Source: World Bank
Source: Trading Economics
Country Profile
Colombia - BBC https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-19390026
Colombia - Britannica https://www.britannica.com/place/Colombia
Colombia - UNCTAD https://unctadstat.unctad.org/CountryProfile/GeneralProfile/en-GB/170/index.html
Leader Speech at the 79th session of the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA)
Research Papers and Research Books
Recentralisation in Colombia López-Murcia, J. D., & López-Murcia. (2022). Recentralisation in Colombia. Springer International Publishing.
Economic and social convergence in Colombia Royuela, V., & García, G. A. (2015). Economic and social convergence in Colombia. Regional studies, 49(2), 219-239.
Colombia: another 100 years of solitude? Robinson, J. A. (2013). Colombia: another 100 years of solitude?. Current history, 112(751), 43-48.
Learning from shortcomings: The demobilisation of paramilitaries in Colombia Nussio, E. (2011). Learning from shortcomings: The demobilisation of paramilitaries in Colombia. Journal of Peacebuilding & Development, 6(2), 88-92.
An overview on the aquaculture development in Colombia: Current status, opportunities and challenges Carrera-Quintana, S. C., Gentile, P., & Girón-Hernández, J. (2022). An overview on the aquaculture development in Colombia: Current status, opportunities and challenges. Aquaculture, 561, 738583.
Environmental liabilities in Colombia: A critical review of current status and challenges for a megadiverse country Rodríguez-Zapata, M. A., & Ruiz-Agudelo, C. A. (2021). Environmental liabilities in Colombia: A critical review of current status and challenges for a megadiverse country. Environmental Challenges, 5, 100377.
Variations of Peace in Colombia Kurtenbach, S. (2024). Variations of Peace in Colombia. Journal of Intervention and Statebuilding, 1-18.
The influences of renewable energy, globalization, technological innovations, and forests on emission reduction in Colombia Raihan, A. (2023). The influences of renewable energy, globalization, technological innovations, and forests on emission reduction in Colombia. Innovation and Green Development, 2(4), 100071.
Bringing the forest back: Restoration priorities in Colombia Williams, B. A., López‐Cubillos, S., Ochoa‐Quintero, J. M., Crouzeilles, R., Villa‐Piñeros, M., Isaacs Cubides, P. J., ... & Beyer, H. L. (2024). Bringing the forest back: Restoration priorities in Colombia. Diversity and Distributions, 30(4), e13821.
Cocalero women and peace policies in Colombia Parada-Hernández, M. M., & Marín-Jaramillo, M. (2021). Cocalero women and peace policies in Colombia. International Journal of Drug Policy, 89, 103157.
Energy Transition in Colombia: An Implementation Proposal for SMEs Pinedo-López, J., Baena-Navarro, R., Durán-Rojas, N., Díaz-Cogollo, L., & Farak-Flórez, L. (2024). Energy Transition in Colombia: An Implementation Proposal for SMEs. Sustainability, 16(17), 7263.
Immigration and occupational downgrading in Colombia Lebow, J. (2024). Immigration and occupational downgrading in Colombia. Journal of Development Economics, 166, 103164.
A framework for a green accounting system-exploratory study in a developing country context, Colombia Gonzalez, C. C., & Peña-Vinces, J. (2023). A framework for a green accounting system-exploratory study in a developing country context, Colombia. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 25(9), 9517-9541.
The impact of ICT and e-commerce on employment in Colombia Trujillo, M. P., & Aleán–Romero, A. (2024). The impact of ICT and e-commerce on employment in Colombia. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 65, 101378.
Linguistic imperialism, English, and development: Implications for Colombia Mackenzie, L. (2022). Linguistic imperialism, English, and development: Implications for Colombia. Current Issues in Language Planning, 23(2), 137-156.
Mental health services in Colombia: a national implementation study Agudelo-Hernández, F., & Rojas-Andrade, R. (2023). Mental health services in Colombia: a national implementation study. International journal of social determinants of health and health services, 53(4), 424-433.
Pathways of post-conflict violence in Colombia Albarracín, J., Corredor-Garcia, J., Milanese, J. P., Valencia, I. H., & Wolff, J. (2023). Pathways of post-conflict violence in Colombia. Small Wars & Insurgencies, 34(1), 138-164.
Approach to the geothermal potential of Colombia Alfaro, C., Rueda-Gutiérrez, J. B., Casallas, Y., Rodríguez, G., & Malo, J. (2021). Approach to the geothermal potential of Colombia. Geothermics, 96, 102169.
Oil in Colombia: history, regulation and macroeconomic impact Echeverry, J. C., Navas, J., Navas, V., & Gómez, M. P. (2008). Oil in Colombia: history, regulation and macroeconomic impact. Documento CEDE, (2008-10).
A history of Colombian economic thought: The economic ideas that built modern Colombia Álvarez, A., & Hurtado, J. (Eds.). (2023). A history of Colombian economic thought: The economic ideas that built modern Colombia. Taylor & Francis.
Original source of oil in Colombia Anderson, F. M. (1926). Original source of oil in Colombia. AAPG Bulletin, 10(4), 382-404.
Oil and the political economy of conflict in Colombia and beyond: A linkages approach Dunning, T., & Wirpsa, L. (2004). Oil and the political economy of conflict in Colombia and beyond: A linkages approach. Geopolitics, 9(1), 81-108.
Oil palm plantations in Colombia: a model of future expansion Castiblanco, C., Etter, A., & Aide, T. M. (2013). Oil palm plantations in Colombia: a model of future expansion. Environmental science & policy, 27, 172-183.
MacroeconoMic effects of oil Price fluctuations in colombia Quero-Virla, L. (2016). MacroeconoMic effects of oil Price fluctuations in coloMbia. Ecos de Economía, 20(43), 23-38.
Understanding the expansion of energy crops beyond the global biofuel boom: evidence from oil palm expansion in Colombia Marin-Burgos, V., & Clancy, J. S. (2017). Understanding the expansion of energy crops beyond the global biofuel boom: evidence from oil palm expansion in Colombia. Energy, Sustainability and Society, 7, 1-21.
Rooted in violence: Civil war, international trade and the expansion of palm oil in Colombia Maher, D. (2015). Rooted in violence: Civil war, international trade and the expansion of palm oil in Colombia. New Political Economy, 20(2), 299-330.
How do governments discursively reconcile plans for expanding oil and gas production with global climate goals? The cases of Colombia and Nigeria Strambo, C., Ivleva, D., Bachmann, S., & Arond, E. (2025). How do governments discursively reconcile plans for expanding oil and gas production with global climate goals? The cases of Colombia and Nigeria. Political Geography, 116, 103243.
Systemic Economic Impacts of Variation in International Oil Prices: The Case of Colombia. Salgueiro, G. P., & Perobelli, F. S. (2025). Systemic Economic Impacts of Variation in International Oil Prices: The Case of Colombia. Regional Science Policy & Practice, 100178.
Chemical Enhanced Oil Recovery Experiences in Colombia: Field Pilots Review Gutiérrez, M., Castro, R. H., Corredor, L. M., Fernández, F. R., Zapata, J., Jimenez, J. A., ... & Garcia, H. A. (2024, April). Chemical Enhanced Oil Recovery Experiences in Colombia: Field Pilots Review. In SPE Improved Oil Recovery Conference? (p. D031S019R003). SPE.
Taxation and investment in colombia Perret, S., & Brys, B. (2015). Taxation and investment in colombia. OECD.
The fatal attraction of civil war economies: Foreign direct investment and political violence, a case study of Colombia Maher, D. (2015). The fatal attraction of civil war economies: Foreign direct investment and political violence, a case study of Colombia. International Studies Review, 17(2), 217-248.
The Intervention of Constitutional Courts in International Investment Law: The Case of Colombia Linares-Cantillo, A. (2021). The Intervention of Constitutional Courts in International Investment Law: The Case of Colombia. Cornell Int'l LJ, 54, 47.
Sizing assessment of islanded microgrids considering total investment cost and tax benefits in Colombia Ropero-Castaño, W., Muñoz-Galeano, N., Caicedo-Bravo, E. F., Maya-Duque, P., & López-Lezama, J. M. (2022). Sizing assessment of islanded microgrids considering total investment cost and tax benefits in Colombia. Energies, 15(14), 5161.
The 2017 BIT Model of Colombia: A Human Rights Assessment from Investment Disputes Against the State Olarte-Bácares, C., Prieto-Rios, E., & Pontón-Serra, J. P. (2024). The 2017 BIT Model of Colombia: A Human Rights Assessment from Investment Disputes Against the State. In International Investment Law and Arbitration from a Latin American Perspective (pp. 195-220). Cham: Springer International Publishing.
Colombia and China: Social and Environmental Impact of Trade and Foreign Direct Investment Lleras, G. R., & Leal, M. C. (2017). Colombia and China: Social and Environmental Impact of Trade and Foreign Direct Investment. R. Ray, K. Gallagher, A. López, & C. Sanborn, China and Sustainable Development in Latin America: The Social and Environmental Dimension, 73-105.
Determinants of inward foreign direct investment in Colombia: An empirical analysis United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean. (2024). Determinants of inward foreign direct investment in Colombia: An empirical analysis. CEPAL Review, 2024(143), 109-126.
Exchange rate volatility and exports: The case of Colombia Kandilov, I. T., & Leblebicioğlu, A. (2015). Exchange rate volatility and exports: The case of Colombia. In Handbook on trade and development (pp. 310-328). Edward Elgar Publishing.
A sectoral analysis of a developing country's exports in the context of trade integration: Evidence from Colombia Abreo, C. (2024). A sectoral analysis of a developing country's exports in the context of trade integration: Evidence from Colombia. The Journal of International Trade & Economic Development, 1-18.
Techno-economic calculation of green hydrogen production and export from Colombia Burdack, A., Duarte-Herrera, L., López-Jiménez, G., Polklas, T., & Vasco-Echeverri, O. (2023). Techno-economic calculation of green hydrogen production and export from Colombia. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 48(5), 1685-1700.
Public-private strategies to establish a successful avocado export cycle: cases from Colombia Pérez, L. F., & Gómez, M. I. (2022). Public-private strategies to establish a successful avocado export cycle: cases from Colombia. Journal of Agribusiness in Developing and Emerging Economies, 12(4), 620-640.
Why does Colombia export security expertise? Security cooperation between status and bureaucracy Eijking, J. (2022). Why does Colombia export security expertise? Security cooperation between status and bureaucracy. In Crime, Violence, and Justice in Latin America (pp. 152-171). Routledge.
Truck and Cross-docking scheduling in the flower export sector in Colombia Mejía, G., Sarmiento, A., & Guerrero, W. (2023). Truck and Cross-docking scheduling in the flower export sector in Colombia. Transportation Research Record, 2677(5), 352-366.
Imports, Investment, and Growth—Colombia Sheahan, J. (2013). 4. Imports, Investment, and Growth—Colombia. In Development Policy, I: Theory and Practice (pp. 93-114). Harvard University Press.
The costs of bureaucracy and corruption at customs: Evidence from the computerization of imports in Colombia Laajaj, R., Eslava, M., & Kinda, T. (2023). The costs of bureaucracy and corruption at customs: Evidence from the computerization of imports in Colombia. Journal of Public Economics, 225, 104969.
Structural change in Colombia: from import substitution to export-led growth illusion Guevara, D., Cómbita, G., & Guevara, C. (2018). Structural change in Colombia: from import substitution to export-led growth illusion. In Financialisation in Latin America (pp. 103-119). Routledge.
From the Industrialization Model by Import Substitution (ISI) to the Open Model Adopted in Colombia Since 1991. Hernández Lasso, H. (2019). From the Industrialization Model by Import Substitution (ISI) to the Open Model Adopted in Colombia Since 1991. Journal of Applied Business & Economics, 21(8).
Antitrust merger policy in Colombia Londono, A. M. (2010). Antitrust merger policy in Colombia. Cornell Int'l LJ, 43, 365.
Acquisition versus greenfield in Colombia: Reviewing the effect of cultural distance and vicarious experience Martínez-Avella, M., Alarcón-León, Á., & Hernández-Salazar, G. (2022). Acquisition versus greenfield in Colombia: Reviewing the effect of cultural distance and vicarious experience. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 22(1), 37-57.
Historical Background and Historical Perspective
Colombia: A concise contemporary history LaRosa, M. J., & Mejía, G. R. (2023). Colombia: A concise contemporary history. Rowman & Littlefield.
The emergence of Neopopulism in Colombia? The case of A´ lvaro Uribe Dugas, J. C. (2003). The emergence of Neopopulism in Colombia? The case of A´ lvaro Uribe. Third World Quarterly, 24(6), 1117-1136.
Between legitimacy and violence: A history of Colombia, 1875–2002 Palacios, M. (2006). Between legitimacy and violence: A history of Colombia, 1875–2002. Duke University Press.
Business history in Colombia Dávila, C. (1999). Business history in Colombia. Business history in Latin America: The experience of seven countries, 1, 83.
Muddied Waters: race, region, and local history in Colombia, 1846–1948 Appelbaum, N. P. (2003). Muddied Waters: race, region, and local history in Colombia, 1846–1948. Duke University Press.
Coffee in Colombia, 1850-1970: an economic, social and political history Palacios, M. (2002). Coffee in Colombia, 1850-1970: an economic, social and political history (No. 36). Cambridge University Press.
The Consolidation of the Import-Export Economy in Nineteenth-Century Colombia: A Political-Economic Analysis Reinhardt, N. (1986). The Consolidation of the Import-Export Economy in Nineteenth-Century Colombia: A Political-Economic Analysis. Latin American Perspectives, 13(1), 75-98.
Traditional Costume
Colombian Culture: 9 Unique Traditions and Lifestyles - Civilisa
