Ghana

Ghana, 2 August 2021

Dr. Rozen-Bakher’s Academic Blog on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade: Risks versus Opportunities

In this blog, I focus each time on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade in a certain country or territory in terms of how Location Factors (Political, Economic, Technological, Ecological, Legal and Cultural) and Entry Modes (e.g. M&As, Export and Greenfield) impact the attractiveness - or vice versa - the risks of FDI and International Trade in the specific country or territory. Still, keep in mind that each risk may lead to an opportunity for resolving problems via suitable FDI and International Trade, while each opportunity for FDI and International Trade may involve risks.

Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher-Researcher in International Business with a focus on Risks

Political Risks: Regime Transformation, Political Instability, Wars, Geopolitical Conflicts, Sanctions, Global Terror, Regional & Global Crises.

Economic Risks: Economic Instability, Trade Wars, Restrictions on FDI and International Trade, Risks in International Trade Agreements, Impact of FDI on Labour Markets, Risks of Global Warming in Host Countries

Strategic Risks:  Strategic Risks in M&As, Integration Risks in M&As, Risks of Cultural Distance, Cultural Openness versus Ethnocentrism, Labour Unions in M&As

Ghana - Foreign Direct Investment and International Trade

Accra

• Capital: Accra

• Population: 31,072,945 (WB, 2020)

• Main Religion: Christianity

Key Figures of FDI and International Trade

GDP per capita, PPP: $5,596.3 (2020)

Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$): $3,879.83 (Millions) (2019)

Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$): $587.77 (Millions) (2019)

Exports of goods and services (BoP, current US$): $25,592.34 (Millions) (2019)

Imports of goods and services (BoP, current US$): $26,908.26 (Millions) (2019)

Source: World Bank

Information and Data on FDI and International Trade

Foreign direct investment (FDI) in Ghana - Investing - International Trade Portal International Trade Portal (lloydsbanktrade.com)

FactSheetGhana_2021_new (unctad.org)

Foreign trade figures of Ghana - Economic and Political Overview - International Trade Portal International Trade Portal (lloydsbanktrade.com)

Ghana - United States Department of State

Macro Data

Ghana | Data (worldbank.org)

Ghana and the IMF

General Information and Political Information

Ghana - The World Factbook (cia.gov)

Ghana country profile - BBC News

Research Papers and Research Books

Critical barriers to green building technologies adoption in developing countries: The case of Ghana - ScienceDirect

Investigating the pollution haven hypothesis in Ghana: An empirical investigation - ScienceDirect

To diversify or not to diversify, that is the question. Pursuing agricultural development for smallholder farmers in marginal areas of Ghana - ScienceDirect

The energy efficiency situation in Ghana - ScienceDirect

Analysis of the determinants of foreign direct investment in Ghana | Emerald Insight

Symmetric impact of FDI on energy consumption: Evidence from Ghana - ScienceDirect

Fdi Trends In Ghana: The Role Of China, Us, India And South Africa (repec.org)

Tax incentives and foreign direct investment (FDI): Implication for export promotion in Nigeria, Ghana and South Africa, Post IFRS Adoption

Does population health influence FDI inflows into Ghana? | Emerald Insight

The effect of colonial legacies on Africa’s inward FDI: the case of UK FDI in Ghana | Emerald Insight

The nexus between FDI inflows and economic development in Ghana: empirical analysis from ARDL model: Journal for Global Business Advancement: Vol 14, No 1 (inderscienceonline.com)

International Financial Reporting Standard (IFRS) Adoption and Foreign Direct Investments (FDI): A Comparative Analysis of Nigeria and Ghana | Asian Journal of Economics, Business and Accounting (journalajeba.com)

The Impact of Macroeconomic Variables, Investment Incentives and Government Agreements on FDI Inflows in Ghana by Judith Lawson, Kuanqi Du, Geoffrey Bentum-Micah :: SSRN

Foreign exchange rate moments and FDI in Ghana | SpringerLink

Agricultural sector foreign direct investment and economic growth in Ghana | SpringerLink

Institutional quality and foreign direct investment in Ghana: A bounds-testing cointegration approach | Emerald Insight

Foreign Direct Investment in Ghana: The Role of Infrastructural Development and Natural Resources - Anarfo - 2017 - African Development Review - Wiley Online Library

Modelling the synergy between fiscal incentives and foreign direct investment in Ghana | Emerald Insight

Foreign Direct Investment, Trade Openness and Economic Growth: Evidence from Ghana (scirp.org)

The impact of financial sector reforms on foreign direct investment in an emerging economy: empirical evidence from Ghana | Emerald Insight

The Effects of Governance Type and Economic Crises on Foreign Direct Investment Inflows in Ghana: Evidence from 1960 to 2015 - Joseph Kwadwo Tuffour, Thelma Mensah, 2018 (sagepub.com)

Foreign Direct Investment: Is Natural Resources the Rejoin? Evidence from Ghana, Nigeria, and Togo: Fixed Effect Approach (repec.org)

A study on the responsiveness of the environment to international trade, energy consumption, and economic growth. The case of Ghana - Boamah - 2020 - Energy Science & Engineering - Wiley Online Library

The Impact of China–Africa Trade on the Productivity of African Firms: Evidence from Ghana | SpringerLink

‘Experimental’ or business as usual? Implementing the European Union Forest Law Enforcement, Governance and Trade (FLEGT) Voluntary Partnership Agreement in Ghana - ScienceDirect

Potential trade, welfare and revenue implications of the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) for Ghana: An application of partial equilibrium model - Bayale - - Journal of Public Affairs - Wiley Online Library

Institutional Legitimacy, Cross-Border Trade and Institutional Voids: Insights from the Cocoa Industry in Ghana - ScienceDirect

The dynamics of property and other mechanisms of access: The case of charcoal production and trade in Ghana - ScienceDirect

Export promotion programmes and export performance: A study of selected SMEs in the manufacturing sector of Ghana | Emerald Insight

Social capital and export performance of SMEs in Ghana: the role of firm capabilities | Emerald Insight

Assessing the impact of export processing zones on economic growth in Ghana - ScienceDirect

R&D, Human Capital and Export Behavior of Manufacturing and Service Firms in Ghana: Journal of African Business: Vol 20, No 3 (tandfonline.com)

Export Market Destinations, Imported Intermediates, and Productivity: Firm-level Evidence from Ghana: The International Trade Journal: Vol 35, No 4 (tandfonline.com)

Understanding crude oil import demand behaviour in Africa: The Ghana case - ScienceDirect

High Rice Import as a Threat to Food Security and a Hindrance to Sustainable Rice Production in Ghana | Archives of Current Research International (journalacri.com)

Nuclear Energy in Ghana? History, Science and Policy | Journal of Social and Development Sciences (amhinternational.com)

Pijpers, R. J. (2020). Ghana: A History of Expansion and Contraction. In Global Gold Production Touching Ground (pp. 169-184). Palgrave Macmillan, Cham.

Public Policy and Politics via Documentaries and in-Depth TV News Programs

Documentaries and in-Depth TV News programs usually reflect a certain viewpoint. ZRB

Oil promises – how oil changed a country | DW Documentary - YouTube

Tomatoes and greed – the exodus of Ghana's farmers | DW Documentary - YouTube

Documentary of the University of Ghana Press - YouTube

History and Important History Events

The History of Ghana - Roger Gocking - Google Books

History :The First Coup De-Tat Occur In Ghana - YouTube

Other Issues

Occurrence and risk assessment of antibiotics in water and lettuce in Ghana - ScienceDirect

The Dipo Ceremony Documentary Ghana 2017 - YouTube

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