Myanmar

Myanmar, 26 March 2022

Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher’s Academic Blog on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade: Opportunities versus Risks

Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher - Researcher in International Business with a focus on Risks

In this blog, I focus each time on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade in a certain country or territory in terms of how Location Factors (Political, Economic, Technological, Ecological, Legal and Cultural) and Entry Modes (e.g. M&As, Export and Greenfield) impact the attractiveness - or vice versa - the risks of FDI and International Trade in the specific country or territory. Still, keep in mind that each risk may lead to an opportunity for resolving problems via suitable FDI and International Trade, while each opportunity for FDI and International Trade may involve risks.

Political Risks: Regime Transformation, Political Instability, Wars, Conflicts, Geopolitical Conflicts, Sanctions, Global Terror, Regional Crises, and Global Crises.

Economic Risks: Economic Instability, Restrictions on FDI and International Trade, Impact of FDI on Labour Markets; International Trade Agreements and Trade Wars

Strategic Risks: Strategic Risks in M&As, Integration in M&As, Cultural Distance, Cultural Openness, Labour Unions in M&As

Myanmar - Foreign Direct Investment and International Trade

Myanmar (Burma)

• Capital: Naypyidaw

• Population: 54,409,794 (World Bank, 2020)

• GDP per capita, PPP: $ 5,123.8 (World Bank, 2020)

• GNI per capita, Atlas Method: $ 1,350 (World Bank, 2020)

Yangon, Myanmar

Main Religion: Buddhism

Key Figures of FDI and International Trade

Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$): $1,834.21 (Millions) (2020)

Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$): $0 (Millions) (2019)

Exports of goods and services (BoP, current US$): $17,523.38 (Millions) (2019)

Imports of goods and services (BoP, current US$): $17,356.14 (Millions) (2019)

Source: World Bank

Information and Data on FDI and International Trade

FactSheet_2021_new (unctad.org)

Myanmar Foreign Direct Investment - February 2022 Data - 2012-2021 Historical (tradingeconomics.com)

Myanmar Foreign Direct Investment 1971-2022 | MacroTrends

Macro Data

Myanmar | Data (worldbank.org)

Myanmar and the IMF

General Information and Political Information

Burma - The World Factbook (cia.gov)

Myanmar country profile - BBC News

Research Papers and Research Books

Sustainability | Free Full-Text | Sustainable Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Production through Improved Technology: An Overview of Production, Challenges, and Opportunities in Myanmar (mdpi.com)

Molecules | Free Full-Text | A Review on the Phytochemistry, Medicinal Properties and Pharmacological Activities of 15 Selected Myanmar Medicinal Plants (mdpi.com)

The medicinal plants of Myanmar - PMC (nih.gov)

European Journal of Sustainable Development Research (ejosdr.com)

China and the Changing Myanmar - Yun Sun, 2012 (sagepub.com)

Rural transformation in central Myanmar: By how much, and for whom? - ScienceDirect

Application of multi-criteria-decision approach for the analysis of medical waste management systems in Myanmar - ScienceDirect

A local level relationship between floods and poverty: A case in Myanmar - ScienceDirect

The Location Determinants of FDI in Developing Countries: A Case of Myanmar -International Commerce and Information Review | Korea Science

A Study on the Interrelationships Among Trade, Foreign Direct Investment, Human Capital, Financial Development and Economic Growth in Myanmar by Htut-Oo Thunt, Sung-Hoon Jung :: SSRN

Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment Inflows to Myanmar - ProQuest

Linking the past to the future: A reality check on cross-border timber trade from Myanmar (Burma) to China - ScienceDirect

Evaluating Trade Corridor Performance: A Myanmar Case Study - ProQuest

Maritime trade-dependence of Bangladesh, Myanmar and Sri Lanka: Implications and way forward: Maritime Affairs: Journal of the National Maritime Foundation of India: Vol 14, No 1 (tandfonline.com)

Scale-mediated marginalisation of Myanmar jewellers in China during the live-streaming trade era: Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies: Vol 0, No 0 (tandfonline.com)

India’s Economic Relations with Myanmar: A Study of Border Trade: Journal of Borderlands Studies: Vol 0, No 0 (tandfonline.com)

Does the Export-led Growth Hypothesis Hold for Myanmar? - Byoungki Kim, Phouphet Kyophilavong, Kenji Nozaki, Teerawat Charoenrat, 2022 (sagepub.com)

The Political Economy of the EU Approach to the Rohingya Crisis in Myanmar | Article | Politics and Governance (cogitatiopress.com)

Myanmar local food systems in a changing climate: Insights from multiple stakeholders - ScienceDirect

The rapid rise of agricultural mechanization in Myanmar - ScienceDirect

Managing the Belt and Road: Agency and development in Cambodia and Myanmar - ScienceDirect

Climate change and land: Insights from Myanmar - ScienceDirect

Public Policy and Politics via Documentaries and in-Depth TV News Programs

Keep in mind that Documentaries and in-Depth TV News programs usually reflect a certain viewpoint. ZRB

Myanmar’s Rohingya Genocide - YouTube

People & Power - Blood and Gold: Inside Burma's Hidden War - YouTube

Inside Myanmar's Crackdown - 101 East is on the front lines after the military coup - YouTube

Important History Events

Why History? History shapes the present and future and even may repeat itself. ZRB

Myanmar: A Political History - Nehginpao Kipgen - Google Books

Understanding Recent Political Changes in Myanmar on JSTOR

China's Strategic Misjudgement on Myanmar - Yun Sun, 2012 (sagepub.com)

Rohingya: The History of a Muslim Identity in Myanmar | Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Asian History

Myanmar's 'Rohingya' Conflict - Anthony Ware, Costas Laoutides - Google Books

Other Issues

Issues that may have indirect effects or long-run effects either on opportunities or risks of FDI and International Trade. ZRB

Modern Buddhist Conjunctures in Myanmar (degruyter.com)

Interpretive Complexity and Crisis: the History of International Aid to Myanmar | SpringerLink

Brief History of Department of Urban and Housing Development: Focal Institution for Housing Sector in Myanmar (scirp.org)

Brief History of Department of Urban and Housing Development: Focal Institution for Housing Sector in Myanmar (scirp.org)

The Union Election Commission of Myanmar 2010–2020 | Asian Journal of Comparative Law | Cambridge Core

Twenty years of change: Land and water resources in the Chindwin catchment, Myanmar between 1999 and 2019 - ScienceDirect

National Costume

Dr. Rozen-Bakher’s Academic Blog on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade

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