Tokelau, New Zealand
https://www.rozen-bakher.com/blog/01042025/tokelau
Published Date: 01 April 2025
Blog on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher to Identify Risks versus Opportunities at the Country Level
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This blog focuses on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade in a certain country or territory in terms of how the Location Factors (Political, Economic, Technological, Ecological, Legal and Cultural) and Entry Modes (e.g. M&As, Export and Greenfield) impact the attractiveness - or vice versa - the risks of FDI and International Trade in the certain country or territory, still, keep in mind that each risk may lead to an opportunity for resolving problems via suitable FDI and International Trade, while each opportunity for FDI and International Trade may involve risks.
Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher
A Researcher in International Relations with a Focus on Security, Political and Economic Risks for Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade
Tokelau, New Zealand
Distance from Tokelau to New Zealand: 3,807 Km (Straight line distance Capital-to-Capital in Km, Map Developers)
In the 18th century, British expeditions were started in Tokelau, but it became a British colony only at the end of the 19th century, still, the British handover it to New Zealand during the long process of its independence, so since then, Tokelau is a colony of New Zealand. Currently, Tokelau has an appointed administrator that represents the government of New Zealand and the head of the local government (Ulu-o-Tokelau) that rotates for a one year between the elected leaders from each of the three atolls of Tokelau. Nevertheless, in the referendums of 2006 and 2007, the majority of Tokelau voted for a self-governing state in free association with New Zealand like what the Cook Islands and Niue have, but it was rejected because of the requirement of New Zealand that the majority should be two-thirds of voters (65%), so it failed twice because the majority was around 64.4% and not 65.0% (see below), still, in March 2015, Tokelau declared about their wish to carry out a third referendum for self-determination (see below).
Tokelau sets sights on a potential third referendum | RNZ News
Tokelau up for potential third referendum on self-determination
Head of Government of Tokelau (Ulu-o of Tokelau): Fofo Tuisano (since March 2025) https://www.rnz.co.nz/international/pacific-news/545522/tokelau-is-my-heart-and-soul-new-ulu-o-tokelau-tuisano
Government of Tokelau https://www.tokelau.org.nz/
Population
Source: Worldmeter
One of the Prominent Religious Sites
Nukunonu Village, Nukunonu Atool , Tokelau
Key Figures of the Territory, Global Position, Alliances, and 2024 Global Survival Rank (GSR)
Global Survival Rank by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher: Yearly Rank to Compare the Global Political Power among Countries to Survive Long Conflicts and Wars at the Military Level and Economic Level Global Survival Rank by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher https://www.rozen-bakher.com/global-survival-rank-zrb
Monitoring Alliances by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher: Monitoring Military, Political, Economic and Trade Alliances that Have an Impact on Global Order and Geopolitics Monitoring Alliances by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher https://www.rozen-bakher.com/monitoring-alliances
Key Figures of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade
Source: UNCTAD
Profile
Tokelau - BBC https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-16962868
Tokelau - Britannica https://www.britannica.com/place/Tokelau
Tokelau - UNCTAD https://unctadstat.unctad.org/CountryProfile/GeneralProfile/en-GB/772/index.html
Tokelau Referendum in 2007
Research Papers and Research Books
Tokelau: a sort of 'self-governing'sort of 'colony' Hooper, A. (2008). Tokelau: a sort of ‘self-governing’sort of ‘colony’. The Journal of Pacific History, 43(3), 331-339.
Tokelau Bean, T. M. P. (2023). Tokelau. The Contemporary Pacific, 35(1), 323-332.
Tokelau: a unique low allergen environment at sea level Lane, J., Siebers, R., Pene, G., Howden‐Chapman, P., & Crane, J. (2005). Tokelau: a unique low allergen environment at sea level. Clinical & Experimental Allergy, 35(4), 479-482.
'Cutting the Colonial Cord'? Tensions of Value and the Relationship between Tokelau and New Zealand Hoëm, I. (2021). ‘Cutting the Colonial Cord’? Tensions of Value and the Relationship between Tokelau and New Zealand. Oceania, 91(2), 165-180.
The Cook Islands, Niue and Tokelau as parts of the realm of New Zealand Quentin-Baxter, A. (2021). The Cook Islands, Niue and Tokelau as parts of the realm of New Zealand. Victoria University of Wellington Law Review, 52(3), 579-605.
The Health Impacts of the Climate Crisis in the Cook Islands, Niue and Tokelau Tukuitonga, C. (2024). The Health Impacts of the Climate Crisis in the Cook Islands, Niue and Tokelau. In Climate Change and Global Health: Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Effects (pp. 445-450). GB: CABI.
Self-Determination, Self-Government and Legal Pluralism in Tokelau: Is Decolonisation Imperialistic? Angelo, A. H. (1996). Self-Determination, Self-Government and Legal Pluralism in Tokelau: Is Decolonisation Imperialistic?. In International Yearbook for Legal Anthropology, Volume 8 (pp. 1-10). Brill Nijhoff.
Historical Background and Historical Perspective
A demographic history of the Tokelau Islands Hooper, A., & Huntsman, J. (1973). A demographic history of the Tokelau Islands. The Journal of the Polynesian Society, 82(4), 366-411.
The Tokelau Language 1841-1991 Hooper, A., Huntsman, J., & Kalolo, K. (1992). The Tokelau Language 1841-1991. The Journal of the Polynesian Society, 101(4), 343-372.
A population history of Tokelau–genetic variation and change in atoll populations Gosling, A. L., Lord, E., Boocock, J., Cameron-Christie, S., Horsburgh, K. A., Kardailsky, O., ... & Matisoo-Smith, E. A. (2023). A population history of Tokelau–genetic variation and change in atoll populations. The Journal of Island and Coastal Archaeology, 18(1), 100-117.
Tokelau 1852 Exodus: A story and its history Huntsman, J. (2004). Tokelau 1852 Exodus: A story and its history. The Journal of Pacific History, 39(1), 23-41.
