Cuba, 23 August 2021

Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher’s Academic Blog on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade: Risks versus Opportunities

Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher - Researcher in International Business with a focus on Risks

In this blog, I focus each time on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade in a certain country or territory in terms of how Location Factors (Political, Economic, Technological, Ecological, Legal and Cultural) and Entry Modes (e.g. M&As, Export and Greenfield) impact the attractiveness - or vice versa - the risks of FDI and International Trade in the specific country or territory. Still, keep in mind that each risk may lead to an opportunity for resolving problems via suitable FDI and International Trade, while each opportunity for FDI and International Trade may involve risks.

Political Risks: Regime Transformation, Political Instability, Wars, Conflicts, Geopolitical Conflicts, Sanctions, Global Terror, Regional Crises, and Global Crises.
Economic Risks: Economic Instability, Restrictions on FDI and International Trade, Impact of FDI on Labour Markets; International Trade Agreements and Trade Wars
Strategic Risks: Strategic Risks in M&As, Integration in M&As, Cultural Distance, Cultural Openness, Labour Unions in M&As

Cuba - Foreign Direct Investment and International Trade

Havana

**Capital:** Havana
**Population:** 11,326,616 (WB, 2020)
**Main Religion:** Christianity

Key Figures of FDI and International Trade

GDP per capita (Current US$): $9,099.7 (2019)
Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$): No data is available
Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$): No data is available
Exports of goods and services (Current US$): $14,505.00 (2018)
Imports of goods and services (Current US$): $12,596.00 (Millions) (2018)
Source: World Bank

Information and Data on FDI and International Trade

The state of play: FDI in Cuba - Investment Monitor
UNCTADstat - Cuba General Profile
FactSheetCuba_2021_new (unctad.org)
Cuba attracts $1.7 billion in foreign investment despite U.S. sanctions | Reuters
U.S. Relations With Cuba - United States Department of State
Due to a lack of information about the data of FDI and International Trade in Cuba based on the regular sources that are used in this blog, then the information above is based on alternative sources.

Macro Data

Cuba | Data (worldbank.org)

General Information and Political Information

Cuba - The World Factbook (cia.gov)
Cuba country profile - BBC News

Research Papers and Research Books

Foreign Direct Investment in Cuba: A Necessity and a Challenge | SpringerLink
Underground exploration beyond state reach: Alternative volumetric territorial projects in Venezuela, Cuba, and Mexico - ScienceDirect
Failed sanctions: Why the U.S. Embargo against Cuba could never work — Augusta University Research Profiles (elsevier.com)
Cuba—U.S. scientific collaboration: Beyond the embargo (plos.org)
Ending the US Embargo of Cuba: International Law in Dispute | Journal of Latin American Studies | Cambridge Core
Economic imperialism in Cuba, 1898–2017 | Hegemony and embargo | Adam (taylorfrancis.com)
Social perception of coastal risk in the face of hurricanes in the southeastern region of Cuba - ScienceDirect
A macroeconomic approach of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in post -Castro Cuba - ProQuest
Foreign Direct Investment Liberalization in Communist Regimes: A Theoretical Model Based on the Comparison Among China, Cuba, North Korea, and Vietnam - Alexander Kriebitz, Raphael Max, 2021 (sagepub.com)
Success Characteristics of Foreign Direct Investment in Cuba by Janet L. Walsh :: SSRN
You Say Embargo, I Say Bloqueo - A Policy Recommendation for Promoting Foreign Direct Investment and Safeguarding Human Rights in Cuba 32 Emory International Law Review 2017-2018 (heinonline.org)
Cuba, Trade Dependency and the GATT/WTO System | SpringerLink
Cuba-CARICOM Trade and Economic Relations | SpringerLink
Implementation of an Anastrepha spp. Risk-Mitigation Protocol for the (taylorfrancis.com)
Food Import Dependency in Cuba: Still the ‘Achilles’ Heel of the Revolution'? - BOTELLA‐RODRÍGUEZ - 2019 - Bulletin of Latin American Research - Wiley Online Library
CUBA: FOOD AND AGRICULTURAL IMPORT REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS - NARRATIVE * - ProQuest

Public Policy and Politics via Documentaries and in-Depth TV News Programs

Keep in mind that Documentaries and in-Depth TV News programs usually reflect a certain viewpoint. ZRB

What’s going wrong in Cuba? | Start Here - YouTube
A new era in Cuba? | Inside Story - YouTube
Cuba sees biggest protests against Communist government in decades - BBC News - YouTube
What is life like in Cuba after Fidel Castro? BBC News - YouTube

Important History Events

Why History? History shapes the present and future and even may repeat itself. ZRB

The History of Cuba, 2nd Edition - Clifford L. Staten Ph.D. - Google Books
Cuba in Revolution: A History Since the Fifties - Antoni Kapcia - Google Books
Cuba: Between Reform and Revolution - Louis A. Pérez - Google Books
Conceptual Models and the Cuban Missile Crisis* | American Political Science Review | Cambridge Core
The Cuban Missile Crisis - M. White - Google Books
Present American Attitude towards Nationalization of Foreign-Owned Property Nationalization of Foreign Owned Property and the Act of State Doctrine--Two Speeches 1963 Duke Law Journal 1963 (heinonline.org)
U.S.-Cuba Compensation Policy Note 8 Texas Hispanic Journal of Law & Policy 2002 (heinonline.org)
Fidel Castro Historic Interviews - YouTube

Other Issues

Issues that may have indirect effects or long-run effects either on opportunities and risks of FDI and International Trade. ZRB

Neurological Manifestations Among US Government Personnel Reporting Directional Audible and Sensory Phenomena in Havana, Cuba | Vestibular Disorders | JAMA | JAMA Network
Why Cuba developed its own covid vaccine—and what happened next | The BMJ