Christmas Island, Australia
https://www.rozen-bakher.com/blog/30032025/christmas-island
Published Date: 30 March 2025
Blog on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher to Identify Risks versus Opportunities at the Country Level
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This blog focuses on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade in a certain country or territory in terms of how the Location Factors (Political, Economic, Technological, Ecological, Legal and Cultural) and Entry Modes (e.g. M&As, Export and Greenfield) impact the attractiveness - or vice versa - the risks of FDI and International Trade in the certain country or territory, still, keep in mind that each risk may lead to an opportunity for resolving problems via suitable FDI and International Trade, while each opportunity for FDI and International Trade may involve risks.
Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher
A Researcher in International Relations with a Focus on Security, Political and Economic Risks for Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade
Christmas Island, Australia
Distance from Christmas Island to Australia: 5,178 Km (Straight line distance Capital-to-Capital in Km, Map Developers)
Since the 17th century, the phosphate deposits on Christmas Island make the island attractive for several countries (e.g. British, Japan) as a colony. However, after WWII, Christmas Island has become an Australian colony when the British handover its sovereignty to Australia, still, since then, it changed hands at the administrative level under Australia. Hence, currently, Christmas Island is an external territory of Australia that runs by an appointed Australian Administrator without self-governance, which has led to a dispute between Christmas Island and Australia because of the wish of Christmas Island for self-determination (see below).
The undemocratic case of Christmas Island | LG Focus (Christmas Island: A question of self-determination)
Governance challenge: Australia's Indian Ocean Island Territories
Administrator of Christmas Island: Farzian Zainal (since May 2023) https://minister.infrastructure.gov.au/mcbain/media-release/indian-ocean-territories-administrator-appointment
Government of Christmas Island https://www.shire.gov.cx/
Population
One of the Historical Sites
South Point Settlement Remains, Christmas Island
Key Figures of the Territory, Global Position, Alliances, and 2024 Global Survival Rank (GSR)
Global Survival Rank by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher: Yearly Rank to Compare the Global Political Power among Countries to Survive Long Conflicts and Wars at the Military Level and Economic Level Global Survival Rank by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher https://www.rozen-bakher.com/global-survival-rank-zrb
Monitoring Alliances by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher: Monitoring Military, Political, Economic and Trade Alliances that Have an Impact on Global Order and Geopolitics Monitoring Alliances by Dr. Ziva Rozen-Bakher https://www.rozen-bakher.com/monitoring-alliances
Key Figures of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and International Trade
Source: Observatory of Economic Complexity
Profile
Christmas Island - Britannica https://www.britannica.com/place/Christmas-Island
Christmas Island - The World Factbook https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/christmas-island/
Christmas Island Detention Centre
Research Papers and Research Books
Embodying the Anthropocene: Embattled crustaceans, extractivism, and eco-tourism on Christmas Island (Indian Ocean) Hayward, P. (2021). Embodying the Anthropocene: Embattled crustaceans, extractivism, and eco-tourism on Christmas Island (Indian Ocean). Island Studies Journal, 16(1), 229-248.
No boat: Christmas Island and the architecture of detention Anderson, S., & Ferng, J. (2013). No boat: Christmas Island and the architecture of detention. Architectural Theory Review, 18(2), 212-226.
The Social and Economic Impacts of the Immigration Detention Centre on the Christmas Island Community SEIA, C. I. (2012). The Social and Economic Impacts of the Immigration Detention Centre on the Christmas Island Community. Australian Department of Regional Australia, Local Government, Arts and Sport, Document No. 60191634-REP-0002.
Christmas Island: A question of self-determination Matthews, K. (2019). Christmas Island: A question of self-determination.
AMSA submission on the Proposal for the establishment of marine parks in Australia's Indian Ocean Territories (Christmas Island and Cocos (Keeling) Islands). Australia, P., & Przeslawski, R. (2021). AMSA submission on the Proposal for the establishment of marine parks in Australia’s Indian Ocean Territories (Christmas Island and Cocos (Keeling) Islands).
Historical Background and Historical Perspective
The early history of Christmas Island, in the Indian Ocean Gibson-Hill, C. A. (1949). The early history of Christmas Island, in the Indian Ocean. Journal of the Malayan branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, 22(1 (147), 67-93.
Time of re-emergence of Christmas Island and its biogeographical significance Ali, J. R., & Aitchison, J. C. (2020). Time of re-emergence of Christmas Island and its biogeographical significance. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 537, 109396.
The phosphate, volcanic and carbonate rocks of Christmas Island (Indian Ocean) Trueman, N. A. (1965). The phosphate, volcanic and carbonate rocks of Christmas Island (Indian Ocean). Journal of the Geological Society of Australia, 12(2), 261-283.
An expedition to Christmas Island Ridley, H. N. (1906). An expedition to Christmas Island. Journal of the Straits Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, (45), 137-155.
Who, or What, is Lost: Singapore's Impressions of Christmas Island, c. 1960–1990 Chan, Y. K. (2022). Who, or What, is Lost: Singapore’s Impressions of Christmas Island, c. 1960–1990. Manusya: Journal of Humanities, 25(1), 1-16.
Chinese Indentured Labor and the Christmas Island Phosphate Company Lowrie, C. (2024) Chinese Indentured Labor and the Christmas Island Phosphate Company in Chinese Colonial Entanglements: Commodities and Traders in the Southern Asia Pacific, Edited by Julia T. Martínez, Claire Lowrie, and Gregor Benton, University of Hawaii Press, pp. 61-85.
Historical mammal extinction on Christmas Island (Indian Ocean) correlates with introduced infectious disease Wyatt, K. B., Campos, P. F., Gilbert, M. T. P., Kolokotronis, S. O., Hynes, W. H., DeSalle, R., ... & Greenwood, A. D. (2008). Historical mammal extinction on Christmas Island (Indian Ocean) correlates with introduced infectious disease. PloS one, 3(11), e3602.
The Phosphateers. A history of the British Phosphate Commissioners and the Christmas Island Phosphate Commission. Williams, M., & Macdonald, B. (1985). The Phosphateers. A history of the British Phosphate Commissioners and the Christmas Island Phosphate Commission (pp. 586-pp).
Science pays off: Sir John Murray and the Christmas Island phosphate industry, 1886-1914 Burstyn, H. L. (1975). Science pays off: Sir John Murray and the Christmas Island phosphate industry, 1886-1914. Social Studies of Science, 5(1), 5-34.
